NOTE: This is not an exhaustive list of questions that may be asked, but being prepared to answer these will greatly help you.

Study Design

What is the difference between an experiment and observational study? How does this affect conclusions?

What determines whether we can make generalizations about our conclusions?


Confidence Intervals

What is the purpose of a confidence interval?

What does “confidence” actually mean?

What type of variability do CIs account for?

Explain the relationship between confidence level and interval width

Explain the relationship between sample size and interval width

How do width of CIs using the normal distribution compare to t-distribution CIs for the same confidence level

When do we use t- vs. Normal distribution for CIs?

Explain the 68-95-99.7% Rule

What is a sampling distribution?

What is a Margin of Error?

Briefly explain what the CLT tells us


General Hypothesis Testing

What different types of questions do CIs and Hypothesis testing answer?

Describe the difference between the Null hypothesis and the Alternate hypothesis. Which one are we trying to show is true?

What is the definition of a p-value? (SUPER IMPORTANT)

What does the p-value tell us for a hypothesis test?